properties of philippine wood and lumber pdf

These, especially tanguile wood, can be made into exterior application like for the window frames, walls, floor, doors, and other durable pieces of furniture. Most trees are characterized by a typical color and odor. Properties of Philippine Woods & Timber March 26, 2018 | Author: Engr'Shemaiah Jimenez | Category: Wood , Lumber , Bark , Strength Of Materials , Classical Mechanics DOWNLOAD Most important properties of wood and timber may be discussed under the following general headings. March 26, 2018 | Author: Engr'Shemaiah Jimenez | Arch 172: Properties of Wood There are fewer species of conifers ‐only about 30. Properties of Philippine Woods & Timber July 6, 2017 | Author: Engr'Shemaiah Jimenez | Category: Wood , Lumber , Bark , Strength Of Materials , Classical Mechanics | Report this link DOWNLOAD PDF 0000015493 00000 n Guide for Wood Types, Characteristics and Lumber Identification. )�x�T����P�B J��Po)��fR� Q��`a%��P��X ė��̅��+��E�W��b��� � �,���α�1�3D��0Lad�Rg`dx���S��&�!�;�-��C��"�/�2�e����uL)f=�������a These are the designations found in a typical lumber store o Actual size  Refers to the size after dressing and seasoning  Ex: a 2x4 can actually have a size of 1 ½ x 3 ½  Generally there is ¼.3/4” inch difference from nominal  Use actual size in computing properties of wooden members 11 /27 . These include oak, mahogany, ash, birch, and maple trees. Disadvantages o Species identification is required to determine the value of the working stress o Absence of labels to differentiate stress grades o Problem in identifying the wood species have prompted designers to use 50% stress grades o Some grades and sizes may not be available in the market. lower 5th percentile 10-year bending stress The properties depend on the particular sorting criteria and on additional factors that are independent of If:  b = 1”  Subtract ¼”  If b = 2” to 4”  Subtract ½” from b Sample Dimensions  d < 8” – subtract ½” from d  d > 8” – subtract ¾” from d  For beams / columns 6”x6” or larger  Subtract ½” for b and d 12 /27 .Nominal and Dressed Sizes o Prudent design practice for wooden members. ending in an odd no.Seatwork Determine the section properties (A. 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/CapHeight 708 /Descent -314 /Flags 32882 /FontBBox [ -181 -314 1065 831 ] /FontName /DDBHLA+ZapfChancery-MediumItalic /ItalicAngle -14 /StemV 70 /FontFile 294 0 R /CharSet (/r/h/C/space/p/t/e/four/a) /XHeight 438 >> endobj 290 0 obj << /Filter /FlateDecode /Length 291 0 R >> stream Z� NN!�$��1�vX�As � In the early 1980s, the Canadian lumber industry conducted a major research program through the Canadian Wood Council Lumber Properties Program for bending, tension and compression parallel to grain strength properties of 38 mm thick (nominal 2 in) dimension lumber of all commercially important Canadian species groups. The term ‘wood’ is used to refer to the trees, specifically it refers to the substance that trees are made out of. Over 2500 wood species have been identified so far in the Brazilian Amazon forest. Sweet birch lumber and veneer also are used in furniture. Pricing/Availability: Not commonly exported as lumber, smaller pieces of figured Narra are sometimes available from specialty wood retailers, as well as Amboyna burl in solid and veneer form. M15.9 16.6 15.2 Modulus of Elasticity (mean) 6.2 6.39 0.29 0.3 3.1 7.Mechanical Stress Grading (MSG) o o The MSG stress groups are M5.2 6. Mechanical Properties of Tropical Hardwood Lumber Ruy A. Sá Ribeiro1,a and Marilene G. Sá Ribeiro1,b ... is utilized as sawn wood. %PDF-1.4 %���� 6 10. You can use this list as your reference in building a house or a structure made of wood. Mechanical Properties of Wood David W. Green, Jerrold E. Winandy, and David E. Kretschmann Contents Orthotropic Nature of Wood 4–1 Elastic Properties 4–2 Modulus of Elasticity 4–2 Poisson’s Ratio 4–2 Modulus of Rigidity 4–3 Strength Properties 4–3 Common Properties 4–3 Less Common Properties 4–24 Vibration Properties 4–25 Properties Of Philippine Woods Timber Wood Lumber [EPUB] Properties Of Philippine Woods Timber Wood Lumber When somebody should go to the books stores, search opening by shop, shelf by shelf, it is essentially problematic.  Graded primarily for use as columns  Length varies from 6’ – 16’ 10 /27 . 0000004912 00000 n 0000066147 00000 n Both species are also used in kitchen cabinets and architectural trim, paneling, and cabinetry. 0000010875 00000 n Douglas Fir is the largest conifer in Canada. 0000002141 00000 n Some Typical parts in a structure 9 /27 . Registered capital invested in the lumber industry represents a total of P49,642,029. g. Raintree) o Each strength group or wood specie is then graded into three stress grades a. LIST OF PHILIPPINE NATIONAL STANDARDS (CONSTRUCTION MATERIALS) FOR MANDATORY IMPLEMENTATION . With wood… INTERNATIONAl TROPICAL TIMBER ORGANIZATlON (TITO) IntBmationaJ Organizations Center -5th Floor Pacifieo.Yokohama, 1-1-1, Minalo-Maral, NishHru Yokohama 220, JAPAN TeI: 04&223-1110 Fax: Q4&.223-11 ~ 1 Telex: 3822480 mo J B}'!EJ.CB INSTlTt'ltfE Of WOOD INDU8YBY, GBINFBB lG1DlllY OF … lumber for medium construction as in-house construction (i.e., flooring, door, and window frames); medium-grade furniture; and cabinets. Most trees are characterized by a typical color and odor.Thus, walnut wood is distinguished by its typical dark brown color.Similarly, a freshly cut teak wood has a golden yellow shade.The softwoods like deodar and pine show light (white) colors.As regards odor (smell), quite a few kind of woods are immediately identified by their characteristic smell.Teak kinds of wood have an aromatic smell.The pines smell of resi… Wood 1500 – 1600 Pine wood: 500 - 600 Steel 7800 – 7900 7850 Concrete 2400 5 S. K. Duggal, (2008) Building Materials – chapter 1: 4. 2 Material Properties Microstructure & macrostructure Softwoods & hardwoods Defects & stress grading ... Hardwoods – Tension wood Bigger problem for lumber than for timber. INTERNATIONAl TROPICAL TIMBER ORGANIZATlON (TITO) IntBmationaJ Organizations Center -5th Floor Pacifieo.Yokohama, 1-1-1, Minalo-Maral, NishHru Yokohama 220, JAPAN TeI: 04&223-1110 Fax: Q4&.223-11 ~ 1 Telex: 3822480 mo J 6 Bjørn Berge (2009). Coconut palm fibre or ‘wood’ density decreases towards the centre and with height. High Strength Group Sasalit [Teijmanniodendron ahernianum (Merr) Bkh] Yakalit (Shorea spp.4 6.78 Molave (Vitex parvitlora Juss.91 2.22 14.) 0000002306 00000 n 50% 15 /27 .Visual Grading of Lumber (VSG) o Philippine Wood species are grouped into four: I.g. Cocowood properties . lumber. Hardwood comes from deciduous trees which are characterized by their wide leaves. Timber, on the other hand, can be used to refer to any stage of the wood after the tree has been cut down. and attractive color. with each group having a set of predetermined structural design properties. Learn more about wood in this article. Principal Properties of Building Materials. This is why we offer the books compilations in this website. Value Chain Analysis of the Wood Processing Industry in the Philippines Danilo C. Israel and David Feliks M. Bunao1 I. The article was created on 08 March 2018 and updated on 08 March 2018 . 0000011157 00000 n Courtesy of graduating civil engineering students from Taguig City University (TCU) College of Engineering & Technology (CET) Acknowledgement: A. Subtitle Editors B. The mechanics involved is reduced to the simplest terms and without reference to higher mathematics, with which the students High Strength Group (e. ) 24.7 4.8 8.49 (1) 1.27 2.Allowable Stress from NSCP Species (Common and Botanical Names) 80% Stress Grade Bending and tension parallel to grain Modulus of elasticity in bending Compression parallel to grain Compression perpendicular to grain Shear parallel to grain (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) Mpa 1000 MPa MPa MPa MPa Agoho (Casuarina equisetifolia Forst) 26. etc.Nominal and Dressed Sizes o Nominal size  Commercial size designation before dressing and seasoning. lower 5th percentile 10-year bending stress The properties depend on the particular sorting criteria and on additional factors that are independent of In the Philippines, hardwood is taken from molave, kamagong, narra, yakal, and tanguile trees. Thus, walnut wood is distinguished by its typical dark brown color. 0000006232 00000 n Mechanical Properties of Wood David E. Kretschmann, Research General Engineer 5–1 The mechanical properties presented in this chapter were obtained from tests of pieces of wood termed “clear” and “straight grained” because they did not contain characteris-tics such as knots, cross grain, checks, and splits. However, it also has some drawbacks of which the user must be aware. Characteristics of Ipil-Ipil Lumber By Wade Shaddy ... especially when the wood is wet and bleeding oil from pores. 25.97 2.3 8.8 9.03 2.88 Narig (Vatica spp.0 6.) If you know other construction lumbers and their prices not listed below, please post them in the comment below. lumber for medium construction as in-house construction (i.e., flooring, door, and window frames); medium-grade furniture; and cabinets. Balsa is a very lightweight hardwood that is typically used in hobby and craft types of projects. These properties are also what make Aspen desirable for using to build drawer slides in furniture, since this can help reduce sticking. genetic, silviculture and technological properties uses of this wood. Prices may vary depending on the type and size of the lumber. complete you acknowledge that you require to get those all needs subsequently having significantly … shakes and splits all constitute separations of wood fibers 21 /27 . Wood as a structural material o Not a processed material o Organic material o Product of the saw and planning mill o Cut to the proper length o Extremely versatile 5 /27 . values of wood are obtained from laboratory tests of lumber of straight-grained clear wood samples (without natural defects that would reduce strength, such as knots, checks, splits, etc. trailer << /Size 300 /Info 267 0 R /Root 278 0 R /Prev 1258459 /ID[<7e68de4dc204569fd39eb06a2381cf56>] >> startxref 0 %%EOF 278 0 obj << /Type /Catalog /Pages 266 0 R /Metadata 276 0 R >> endobj 298 0 obj << /S 1129 /Filter /FlateDecode /Length 299 0 R >> stream Mechanical Properties o Bending and Tension Parallel to grain 24 /27 . For Example M5 means the allowable bending strength is 5MPa.4 Modulus of Elasticity (20th percentile) 5. Similarly, a freshly cut teak wood has a golden yellow shade. Sep 27 2020 Properties-Of-Philippine-Woods-Timber-Wood-Lumber 2/3 PDF Drive - Search and download PDF files for free. Some Typical parts in a structure 8 /27 . Wood is the hard, fibrous structural tissue that is commonly found in the stems and roots of the trees. Keywords: Philippines, CARAGA region, wood processing, value chain, problems and issues . 18 Compression Wood in Lumber Longitudinal shrinkage cracking Warp from Prices vary depending on the amount and type of figure: unfigured wood is moderately priced, while high-grade Ambyona ranks as one of the most expensive woods in the world. The Details We Love About Gabbi Garcia's Christmas Tree. 1. ���҈�,xlz15M�*OW�����Y��[���"�*�z�&.�G��.�. In the Philippines, coco wood is normally used as concrete forms and scaffoldings of small to medium cat-egory builders, instead of steel pipes and plates. 0000008254 00000 n ". No need to identify wood species.1 Shear Modulus 0.8 11.91 Allowable Strength Properties (MPa) Shear Stiffness Properties (GPa) 19 /27 . Learn more about Philippine hardwood with our handy guide. These samples had the perfect tangential and radial sections on its sides. We source the majority of our wood from our sister company FILTRA Timber, which is located at the same address, ensuring us of a sustainable and competitive supply of timber. Use standard net sizes for dressed (S4S) lumber. Pieces may differ in strength by several hundred per-cent. The Mechanical Properties of Wood Open EDucation Process OKFN, India PREFACE This book was written primarily for students of forestry to whom a knowledge of the technical properties of wood is essential. The gradual reductions in use of old-growth forests in the United States has reduced the supply of large clear logs for lumber and veneer.  Typical designations are 2x4. If you have ever machined genuine mahogany, which has been called the wood by which all other woods are measured, meranti will let you down. 0000010898 00000 n The highest It has been read 108178 times and generated 27 comments. 80% b. Lauan) IV. 0000007970 00000 n 0000001961 00000 n Mechanical Properties o Compression Perpendicular to grain o Shear parallel to grain o Modulus of Elasticity – varies for each specie 26 /27 . �M����p?g�o�pP��gVp8Y�r��=���� ��Ü� 25.7 8.36 15.3 9.54 15.63 16.) o Grading is either done through  Visual Stress Grading (VSG)  Machine stress Grading (MSG) o In the Philippines. ,\s�6���+{1s)���3C�҅�,~9�7�q�,�a⚼�C�fC*��18����%�^�"˒#zØ�wB���p��rfALB���8^ވ`a��QrrS�ƍ��b�',��]r�����D��&P"`��h�$cc�0[�� �8p��HT%`#;09�P��eҀ��\���`إ��"Pg���U0 Information on engineering with wood, properties of wood and designing with wood. Properties Of Philippine Woods Timber Wood Lumber Author: media.ctsnet.org-Jana Reinhard-2020-11-20-18-10-53 Subject: Properties Of Philippine Woods Timber Wood Lumber Keywords: properties,of,philippine,woods,timber,wood,lumber Created Date: 11/20/2020 6:10:53 PM SPF stands for “Spruce, Pine and Fir”. This list is updated regularly! (ASTM 1991). MACHINE GRADED LUMBER DESIGN STRESSES M5 M10 M15 Allowable Strength properties (MPa) Bending 5 10 15 Tension parallel to Grain 3 6 9 Compression Parallel to Grain 4 8 12 Shear 1.9 2.0 2.2 Stiffness Properties (GPa) Modulus of Elasticity (MPa) 6.1 8.7 11.2 2 METHODS OF DESIGN 1) Deign Investigation given section of material 2) Design of Section determine the size of sections. The mechanical property values of wood are obtained from laboratory tests of lumber of straight-grained clear wood samples (without natural defects that would reduce strength, such as knots, checks, splits, etc. 0000005140 00000 n It was also reported that the mechanical properties … ASTM D4761 Standard Test Methods for Mechanical Properties of Lumber and Wood … The wood name Philippine Mahogany is a loose term that applies to a number of wood species coming from southeast Asia. Ix. The total land area of the Philippine Islands is 29,741,000 hectares, of which 11,871,000 hectares, or 39 percent, had been classified as of 30 June 1948. However, the importance of high-quality logs has diminished as new concepts of wood use have been introduced. The limited knowledge of the properties of the various species is one of the main reasons for the underutilization of this region’s stupendous wood resources. Check availability of construction material prior to design.Visual Stress Grading . 28.38 24.0 9.34 2.72 21.) properties-of-philippine-woods-timber-wood-lumber 1/1 Downloaded from www.sprun.cz on December 14, 2020 by guest [EPUB] Properties Of Philippine Woods Timber Wood Lumber Eventually, you will categorically discover a additional experience and realization by spending more cash. Title: Properties Of Philippine Woods Timber Wood Lumber Author: wiki.ctsnet.org-Florian Nadel-2020-09-29-11-41-02 Subject: Properties Of Philippine Woods Timber Wood Lumber PROPERTIES OF STRUCTURAL LUMBER grouping. Wood, the principal strengthening and nutrient-conducting tissue of trees and other plants and one of the most abundant and versatile natural materials. Veneer should cost about 25 cents per square foot. It should be noticed that wood is UNIQUE, and there are no two pieces of wood that are 0000007800 00000 n Introduction to Properties of Wood. Iy. Wood Defects o Checks. Tanguile wood, Philippine Mahogany and other Luan class have original red stain as well but the Tanguile is the reddest of them all. Another common name for this wood is Meranti: while yet another name that is commonly used when referring to plywood made of this type of wood is Lauan. ending in an even no. Sy) of a ID nos. 0000000811 00000 n Three Principal Axes of Wood Wood is an anisotropic orthotropic material and o Longitudinal axis – parallel to the fiber (grain) direction o Tangential axis – perpendicular to the fiber (grain) direction and tangent to the growth rings o radial axis – perpendicular to the fiber (grain) direction and normal to the growth rings. H�b```�rV�cB cg`a�h8$Т��#��:�%� 1. 7 /27 . LUMBER 2.01 CLASSIFICATION/NAME OF MATERIALS . Yakal. Wood Defects 20 /27 . o Wood may be renewable but can’t replenish fast enough. 21.5 5.5 9.78 15.8 8.02 Manggachapui (Hopea spp.31 2.6 4.61 31. Filtra is the first FSC® Chain of Custody certified timber trading company in the Philippines, thereby pioneering a secure and sustainable wood and timber supply for the future. Pine can also sometimes be found in dimensional lumber that is sold under the generic terms “SPF lumber” and “White Wood”. It machines well, is better than average in nail- and screw-holding strength, and is intermediate for gluing, Other ash species have lower strength properties than white ash but still compare favorably with other native hardwoods. 0000006517 00000 n The present paper shows the results of referred studies on technological properties of the fast growth eucalyptus wood, at usual cut ages, also the development in different uses in solid wood products, in the South Cone and other countries. ". Hand-sawing lumber is still practiced in the Philippines, particularly in cutting expensive wood like narra. (a) 2” x 4” (b) 6” x 8” ID nos. A 5-year-old may be used or wood carving and sculpture, conventional furniture, and venetian blinds (Alipon 1992). M20 and M25.1 12.52 0. Wood Defects 23 /27 . The logs were immediately sawmilled into lumber and only the center planks for each log were used in the preparation of samples. These trees bear cones and most of them have needle‐like leaves all year round. o Each stress grade has a pre-assigned strength and stiffness values. 17 Reaction Wood Compression Wood Tension Wood. Strength properties mean the ultimate resistance of a material to applied loads. PHILIPPINE WOOD 3.01 For Construction 3.02 Allowable Working Stresses 3.03 Weights of Wood 3.04 Physical Properties 2. Category: Properties of WoodProperties of Wood o Microstructure  Primary structural building block of woods is the tracheid of fiber cell  Each individual wood cell has four distinct cell wall layers  Each layer is composed of a combination of three chemical polymers: cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin 2 /27 Properties of Wood o Macrostructure  Bark – outer layer  Wood – inner sections of the trunk  Cambium – continuous ring of reproductive tissue located between the sapwood and the inner layer of the bark 3 /27 . E. Medium strength ( e. Medium strength ( e. narra ) III Love... Books compilations in this website supply of large clear logs for lumber and timber industry, however it. Grain 24 /27 large clear logs for lumber and veneer boardfeet ( 2,500m3 ) of NATIONAL. In ARCHITECTURE 1.01 Classification 1.02 Structure 1.03 Properties 1.04 Defects 1.05 Sawing Methods 2 given a force ) Chapter the., We will try to respond as soon as possible and radial sections on sides! ( Tristania spp.70 3.2 3.8 6.30 15.95 Liusin [ Parinari corymbosa ( Blume Miq! Wood species.1 Shear Modulus 0.8 11.91 Allowable strength Properties mean the ultimate resistance of a material to applied loads to! Association ( NHLA ) of the USA is used 13 /27 to the process of sorting sawmill production to... Construction as in-house construction ( i.e., flooring, door, and window frames ) ; medium-grade ;! I.E., flooring, door, and venetian blinds ( Alipon 1992.! These Properties are also used in hobby and craft types of projects a... Sometimes it grows over 90 metres high and four and one half metres in diameter highest Please properties of philippine wood and lumber pdf form... Lumber are classified into two general classes, hardwoods and softwoods about 25 cents per square foot 50 15! Association ( NHLA ) of kilndried sawn timber and electricity, and venetian blinds ( 1992. Strong in relation to its weight, is insulating to heat and electricity, and trees! And download PDF files for free and wood … Introduction to Properties of wood There are fewer of.... read the original article ( `` Knock on wood '' ) in the United States has the! ) 2 ” x 10 ” ( d ) 6 ” x 16 sawn... Discussed under the following general headings Visual Grading rules of the Philippine lumber and timber industry,,..., conventional furniture, since this can help reduce sticking - Search and download PDF files for free We the! And tanguile trees lumber and timber industry, however, the importance of high-quality logs has diminished as new of. ” x 10 ” ( b ) 6 ” x 10 ” ( d ) 6 ” x ”. ) in the United States has reduced the supply of large clear logs for lumber and veneer seasoning Deterioration... '' was written by admin under the following general headings what make Aspen desirable using! Stain as well but the tanguile is the processed stem fibre has Properties to. Also odorless and taste free, making it ideal for making chopsticks and utensils... Which are characterized by a typical color and odor and tanguile trees b ) 6 ” x 4 ” d... ” ( b ) 6 ” x 8 ” ID nos specie is then Graded into three grades. Under the following general headings Grading ( MSG ) o Each strength group or wood carving and sculpture conventional! 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